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This version was published on 1 July 2009
Lab Anim 2009;43:304-309
doi:10.1258/la.2008.008072
© 2009 Laboratory Animals Limited

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Case Report

Clostridial typhlitis associated with topical antibiotic therapy in a Syrian hamster

L Alworth 1 , J Simmons 2, C Franklin 3 and R Fish 4

1 University Research Animal Resources, University of Georgia, C126 Life Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA; 2 Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA, USA; 3 Research Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; 4 North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA

Corresponding author: Leanne C Alworth. Email: alworth{at}uga.edu

A Syrian hamster that had been treated with topical antibiotic ointment for 10 days following injuries sustained during fighting was presented moribund. Postmortem and microscopic examinations revealed lesions consistent with clostridial typhlitis and enteritis. Anaerobic culture of caecal contents resulted in the isolation of two Clostridium species, and caecal contents contained Clostridium difficile enterotoxins. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of acute C. difficile enterotoxaemia was made. This report discusses the pathogenesis of C. difficile enterotoxaemia and the potential role of topical antibiotic ointment therapy in initiating the disease.

Key Words: Syrian hamster • topical antibiotic ointment • Clostridium difficile • clostridial typhlitis • antibiotic-associated enterotoxaemia


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