Laboratory Animals > Volume 43, Supplement 1 > Pp. 1-47

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Working Party Report

Refinements in husbandry, care and common procedures for non-human primates

Ninth report of the BVAAWF/FRAME/RSPCA/UFAW Joint Working Group on Refinement

M Jennings and M J Prescott, (Joint Editors)

Members of the Joint Working Group on Refinement (Primates)

Professor Hannah M Buchanan-Smith

Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK

Dr Malcolm R Gamble

Markready Limited, 20 Park Crescent, London W1B 1AL, UK

Dr Mauvis Gore

Marine Conservation International, Newton EH52 6QE, UK

Dr Penny Hawkins

Research Animals Department, RSPCA, Wilberforce Way, Southwater, Horsham, West Sussex RH13 9RS, UK

Dr Robert Hubrecht, (Joint Chair)

UFAW, The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire AL4 8AN, UK

Mrs Shirley Hudson

Principal Consultant, CSI-Europe, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, Edinburgh EH26 0PZ, UK

Dr Maggy Jennings, (Joint Editor) 

Research Animals Department, RSPCA, Wilberforce Way, Southwater, Horsham, West Sussex RH13 9RS, UK

Ms Joanne R Keeley

University Biomedical Support Services, University of Cambridge, Greenwich House, Madingley Rise, Cambridge CB3 0TX, UK

Mr Keith Morris

MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 49 Little France, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK

Professor David B Morton, (Joint Chair and Chair of JWGR Steering Group)

Department of Biomedical Sciences & Biomedical Ethics, University of Birmingham, The Medical School, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

Mr Steve Owen

Huntingdon Life Sciences, Woolley Road, Alconbury, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE28 4HS, UK

Dr Peter C Pearce

Biomedical Sciences Department, Dstl Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK

Dr Mark J Prescott, (Joint Editor) 

National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), 20 Park Crescent, London W1B 1AL, UK

Mr David Robb

Charles River Laboratories, Preclinical Services, Tranent, Edinburgh EH33 2NE, UK

Mr Rob J Rumble

GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnelswood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK

Mrs Sarah Wolfensohn

Veterinary Services, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford 0X1 3PT, UK

Mr David Buist, (Home Office Observer)

Animals Scientific Procedures Inspectorate, Home Office, PO Box 91, Cambridge CB4 0XJ, UK

Corresponding authors: Dr Maggy Jennings, Email: mjennings{at}rspca.org.uk

Dr Mark Prescott, Email: mark.prescott{at}nc3rs.org.uk

Preface: Whenever animals are used in research, minimizing pain and distress and promoting good welfare should be as important an objective as achieving the experimental results. This is important for humanitarian reasons, for good science, for economic reasons and in order to satisfy the broad legal principles in international legislation. It is possible to refine both husbandry and procedures to minimize suffering and improve welfare in a number of ways, and this can be greatly facilitated by ensuring that up-to-date information is readily available. The need to provide such information led the British Veterinary Association Animal Welfare Foundation (BVAAWF), the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments (FRAME), the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) and the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) to establish a Joint Working Group on Refinement (JWGR) in the UK. The chair is Professor David Morton and the secretariat is provided by the RSPCA. This report is the ninth in the JWGR series. The RSPCA is opposed to the use of animals in experiments that cause pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm and together with FRAME has particular concerns about the continued use of non-human primates. The replacement of primate experiments is a primary goal for the RSPCA and FRAME. However, both organizations share with others in the Working Group, the common aim of replacing primate experiments wherever possible, reducing suffering and improving welfare while primate use continues. The reports of the refinement workshops are intended to help achieve these aims.

This report produced by the British Veterinary Association Animal Welfare Foundation (BVAAWF)/Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments (FRAME)/Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA)/Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) Joint Working Group on Refinement (JWGR) sets out practical guidance on refining the husbandry and care of non-human primates (hereinafter primates) and on minimizing the adverse effects of some common procedures. It provides a valuable resource to help understand the physical, social and behavioural characteristics and needs of individual primates, and is intended to develop and complement the existing literature and legislative guidelines. Topics covered include refinements in housing, husbandry and common procedures such as restraint, identification and sampling, with comprehensive advice on issues such as primate communication, assessing and facilitating primate wellbeing, establishing and maintaining social groups, environmental and nutritional enrichment and animal passports. The most commonly used species are the key focus of this resource, but its information and recommendations are generally applicable to other species, provided that relevant individual species characteristics are taken into account.

Key Words: Animal behaviour • animal welfare • macaque • marmoset • tamarin

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